Prednisone: instructions for use, analogues, price, reviews
About the drug:
Prednisone is a drug from the group of hormones of the adrenal cortex (glucocorticosteroids). Its composition includes the substance prednisone. Forms of release of the drug.
Indications and dosage:
https://stop-any-disease.com/ is prescribed to patients according to the following indications:
- Ankylosing spondylitis
- Inflammatory changes in the spinal cord and membranes
- Noncommunicable arthritis
- Edematous processes of the vertebrae and its structures
- Osteoarthrosis
- Severe spinal pain
- Injuries to the joints and nerves of the spine
- Osteochondrosis
- Lack of effectiveness from treating the spine with other medicines
Prednisone should be taken orally, swallowing whole and drinking plenty of fluids. Initially, the drug must be taken 20-30 mg per day until the therapeutic effect is achieved (improvement in the patient’s condition). Then gradually reduce the dosage to 5-10 mg per day. In extreme cases, the initial dosage can be increased to 50-100 mg per day, and the maintenance up to 15 mg per day. The maximum daily dosage is 100 mg, a single dose is 15 mg.
For children, the drug is prescribed depending on the weight of the patient – 1-2 mg per kg per day, dividing into 4-5 doses. The maintenance dosage is 300-600 mcg per kg per day.
The course of treatment is individual and varies from 1 week to several months. The drug should be discontinued gradually reducing daily intake.
Overdose:
The risk of overdose increases with prolonged use of prednisone, especially in large doses.
Symptoms: increased blood pressure, peripheral edema, increased side effects of the drug.
Treatment of acute overdose: immediate gastric lavage or induction of vomiting, no specific antidote found.
Treatment of chronic overdose: the dose of the drug should be reduced.
Side effects:
Among the most common side effects of prednisone are:
- Obesity
- Increased bone fragility
- Increased body hair in women
- Menstrual irregularities
- Gastrointestinal ulcers
- Raising Blood Sugar
- Sexual dysfunction
- Adrenal insufficiency
If such symptoms occur, it is necessary to take symptomatic drugs, if possible, reduce the dosage of prednisone as much as possible or cancel its intake.
No cases of drug overdose have been reported.
Contraindications:
Prednisone is contraindicated in the following diseases:
- Hypertonic disease
- Itsenko-Cushing’s Disease
- Allergy to the drug and its components
- Tuberculosis
- Nephritis
- Pregnancy (especially before 12 weeks)
- Lactation
During pregnancy, the drug can be prescribed only as a last resort, because there may be unpredictable effects on the development of the fetus. Breastfeeding for the period of treatment with prednisone must be discarded.
For children from 3 years of age, the drug is prescribed only under the strict supervision of a doctor and in extreme cases.
Alcohol does not affect the performance of prednisone.
Interaction with other medicines and alcohol:
Reduces the effectiveness of insulin, oral hypoglycemic and hypotensive drugs, anticoagulants; reduces the concentration of salicylates in the blood; reduces the concentration of praziquantel in blood serum. Rifampicin, phenytoin, barbiturates weaken the effect of prednisone; hormonal contraceptives increase effectiveness. Increase the risk of side effects: NSAIDs (erosive and ulcerative lesions and bleeding from the digestive tract); androgens, estrogens, oral contraceptives, steroid anabolics (hirsutism, acne); antipsychotic drugs, bukarban, azathioprine (cataract); anticholinergics, antihistamines, tricyclic antidepressants, nitrates (increased intraocular pressure); diuretics (hypokalemia); cardiac glycosides (digitalis intoxication).
Composition and properties:
Prednisone is a drug from the group of hormones of the adrenal cortex (glucocorticosteroids). Its composition includes the substance prednisone.
International and chemical names: Prednisolonum; (pregnadiene-1,4-triol-11,17,21-dione-3,20 (or -dehydrocortisone);
basic physical and chemical properties: white tablets;
composition: 1 tablet contains 0.005 g of prednisolone;
excipients: milk sugar, potato starch, calcium stearate.
Release form:
- Tablets of 1 mg of active substance in each
- 5 mg tablets of active substance in each
- Tablets of 20 mg of active substance in each
- 50 mg tablets of active substance in each
Pharmachologic effect:
Glucocorticoid, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic.
Stabilizes cell membranes, including lysosomal, reduces the release of proteolytic enzymes from lysosomes (inhibition of the alteration phase and limitation of the focus of inflammation), inhibits phospholipase A2, disrupts the liberalization of arachidonic acid and, as a result, inhibits the synthesis of PG, hydroxy acids and leukotrienes, inhibits the activity of hyaluronidase and reduces the permeability of capillaries ( ), fibroblast activity (inhibition of the proliferation phase). Antiallergic properties are due to impaired mast cell degranulation, a decrease in the synthesis of leukotrienes and suppression of antibody production, anti-shock – to the retention of sodium and water, an increase in the response of blood vessels to endogenous and exogenous vasoconstrictors and a stimulating effect on cardiac activity, antitoxic – to accelerate the inactivation of toxic substances in the liver, decrease permeability of cell membranes.
When taken orally, it is easily absorbed, Cmax in the blood plasma is observed after 1-2 hours. Bioavailability exceeds 90%. It undergoes biotransformation, mainly in the liver, excreted mainly by the kidneys. With increasing doses, T1 / 2, total clearance, volume of distribution and degree of protein binding increase. Affects carbohydrate, protein, fat and water-salt metabolism. Increases blood glucose, promotes the accumulation of glycogen in the liver, enhancing gluconeogenesis. It activates the processes of catabolism, slows down regeneration, controls the deamination of amino acids in the liver, promotes the redistribution of adipose tissue, retains sodium and water in the body, and enhances the excretion of potassium; it stimulates the cardiovascular system, increases the tone of arterioles and myocardial contractility, increases stroke and minute volume, stimulates the central nervous system, has antitoxic and immunosuppressive effects, causes increased secretion of the gastric mucosa and acidity of gastric juice.
Storage conditions:
In the dark place.